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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2024

Tackling the evaporation rates of volatile HNS: A lab-scale experiment to serve marine pollution response

Résumé

Release of volatile Hazard Noxious Substances (HNS) at sea can lead to the formation of toxic, flammable or explosive gas plumes that can travel large distances and pose risks over a wide area in relatively short timescales. Yet, when an emergency is declared, key information regarding the short-term behavior of HNS is not available for responders. For volatile organic compounds (VOCs), one critical parameter that should be systematically predicted and/or assessed is the evaporation kinetics: this would warn first-responders against risks of gas clouds that might originate from the HNS slick. This paper presents new experimental data on the evaporation kinetics of several VOCs that were collected using the new Cedre’s wind tunnel in the framework of the MANIFESTS1 project. The air and liquid temperatures as well as the wind velocity profile were continuously monitored above the pool. The evaporation of each liquid was monitored following the weight loss fraction over time. The final objective was to assess mass fluxes at the sea-air interface and to compare it to analytical models. The evaporation process was generally highlighted by a sharp decrease in temperature of the liquid. At constant wind conditions, the mass flow rates were the highest for vinyl acetate, cyclohexane and acrylonitrile, and the lowest for petroleum benzine. Increasing wind velocities led to higher evaporation rates of chemicals, i.e. a faster evaporation of the slick. These new data were finally compared to the OSERIT (Oil Spill Evaluation and Response Integrated Tool) – Evaporation module developed in MANIFESTS and will contribute to the improvement of the prediction accuracy of existing evaporation models. This will offer crisis management stakeholders more precise information regarding the formation of toxic gas clouds (Go/No Go decision).

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Dates et versions

hal-04661701 , version 1 (25-07-2024)

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Laura Cotte, Ludovic Lepers, Sébastien Legrand, Laurent Aprin, Stéphane Le Floch. Tackling the evaporation rates of volatile HNS: A lab-scale experiment to serve marine pollution response. IOSC 2024 - International Oil Spill Conference, May 2024, New Orleans, United States. ⟨10.7901/2169-3358-2024.1.187⟩. ⟨hal-04661701⟩

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